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Sino-Vietnamese conflicts 1979–90
The Sino-Vietnamese conflicts of 1979–90 were a series of border clashes between the People's Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam following the Sino-Vietnamese War in 1979. These border clashes lasted from the end of the Sino-Vietnamese War in 1979 until 1990.
When the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) withdrew from Vietnam in March 1979 after the war, China announced that they were not ambitious for "any square inch of the territory of Vietnam".〔Nayan Chanda, "End of the Battle but Not of the War", ''Far Eastern Economic Review'', 16 March 1979, p10. Chanda quoted Chinese officials on announcement of retreat on 5 March 1979〕 In fact, Chinese troops occupied an area of ,〔Edward C. O’Dowd, p. 91〕 which was disputed land controlled by Vietnam before hostilities broke out. In some places such as the area around Friendship Gate in Lạng Sơn Province, Chinese troops occupied territories which have no military value but important symbolic value. Elsewhere, Chinese troops occupied the strategic positions of military importance as a springboard to attack Vietnam. These areas, arguably, have always been considered as part of China despite their actual control by Vietnam.〔François Joyaux, p. 242〕
The Chinese occupation of border territory angered Vietnam, and this ushered in a series of fights between the two sides to gain control of the area. Border conflicts between Vietnam and China continued until 1988, peaking in the years 1984–1985.〔 By the early 1990s, along with the withdrawal of Vietnam from Cambodia and the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the relationship between the two countries gradually returned to normality.
==Background==
Since 1979, there were at least six clashes on the Sino-Vietnamese border, in June 1980, May 1981, April 1983, April 1984, June 1985 and December 1986-January 1987. According to Western observers, all were initiated or provoked by the Chinese to serve their political objectives.〔Carlyle A. Thayer, "Security Issues in Southeast Asia: The Third Indochina War"〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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